生死を分ける咄嗟の判断 50+ Survival Skills When You Have Only Seconds to Act

海で溺れそうになった時、熊に遭遇した時など、

命を守るために使える咄嗟の知識50選

1つ1つが短いので、教材としてもGOOD

こういうトリビア動画も好きです。

それでは今日もYouTube英語を楽しんでいきましょう！

00:00
there's a widespread misconception that
00:02
if you jump a moment before the elevator
00:04
hits the bottom
00:05
you will somehow decrease the impact on
00:07
your body
00:08
firstly how are you planning to
00:10
understand when you should jump
00:12
you can't see through metal can you
00:14
secondly even if you somehow
00:16
manage to jump which is extremely
00:18
difficult due to being in a free fall
00:20
the speed decrease you can hope for is
00:22
about two miles per hour
00:24
or three kilometers per hour it's
00:26
definitely not enough to save your life
00:28
what is worse you might hurt yourself
00:30
badly if you hit the ceiling with your
00:32
head
00:33
jumping is not worth the risk at all
00:35
mythbusters tested this approach
00:37
believe us it didn't end well for the
00:39
dummy inside the elevator
00:50
standing up straight and hoping for the
00:52
best is also not the best idea
00:54
nothing good is coming what is coming is
00:57
a weight
00:58
10 times larger than that of your own
01:00
body dropping on your legs at the moment
01:02
of impact
01:03
now with all due respect neither you nor
01:06
anyone else can survive that
01:08
so now that we're clear of what you
01:10
should never do in a falling elevator
01:12
let's get to the best course of action
01:15
your best bet would be to lie flat on
01:18
your back
01:18
this position will help you distribute
01:20
the force of the impact across your
01:22
entire body
01:23
yes your small thin bones will probably
01:25
snap anyway
01:27
though it mostly depends on how high up
01:28
you were when the cable snap
01:30
but it might help you avoid more serious
01:33
damage
01:34
or not nobody is absolutely certain it's
01:37
probably pretty hard to think clearly in
01:38
such a situation
01:40
but you should also remember to cover
01:41
your head with your hands
01:43
when the elevator lands it will most
01:45
likely be destroyed
01:46
so protecting your head from debris
01:49
might save your life
01:50
if you're trapped under an avalanche
01:52
spitting can help you out
01:54
as soon as you stop moving make a little
01:56
hole around your face
01:58
spit in the air pocket and see where
01:59
gravity carries your saliva
02:01
then start making your way out by
02:03
digging in the opposite direction
02:06
if suddenly you notice that the water
02:08
recedes quickly and
02:09
unexpectedly from a beach exposing the
02:11
ocean floor
02:13
you should warn everyone around and get
02:15
away as fast as you can
02:17
because when the water line is
02:18
abnormally far from the shore
02:20
this is a sign of a tsunami no air pump
02:24
in a flat tire is a bad combo when
02:26
you're far from home
02:27
to fix your bike grab a bunch of grass
02:30
or leaves
02:30
and evenly pack the tire with as much as
02:33
possible
02:34
that will be enough to reach a safe
02:35
place now do you know any other tricks
02:38
to fix a flat tire without an air pump
02:40
share your wisdom in the comments below
02:43
if you're under attack by a moose
02:45
those creatures are huge try to hide
02:48
behind a tree
02:49
those animals have a blind spot in their
02:51
peripheral vision
02:52
so they will lose you and you can escape
02:55
easier
02:56
if a black bear is chasing you remember
02:58
that you shouldn't turn your back on
02:59
this animal or try to ride
03:02
either of these actions can make them
03:03
hostile your best bet
03:05
is to lie flat on your stomach to
03:07
protect your organs
03:08
crossing your hands behind your neck to
03:11
guard your arteries
03:12
to convince the bear you don't pose any
03:14
threat also
03:15
don't climb a tree they do it better
03:17
than you oh and if you see yogi bear
03:20
don't try to look like a picnic basket
03:22
he'll steal you
03:23
every time in case of emergency water
03:27
landing
03:27
don't inflate your life jacket before
03:29
getting out of the plane
03:31
you'll end up not being able to move
03:32
without help since you'll float up to
03:34
the cabin ceiling
03:36
the safest thing to do is take a deep
03:38
breath and swim
03:39
out of the airplane taking your deflated
03:41
life jacket with you
03:43
only when you're out of the plane you
03:45
can finally pull the inflation cord
03:47
if you're in a cold house and no heating
03:50
or electricity is available for some
03:52
reason
03:52
find a few large bricks a terra cotta
03:55
pot
03:56
and some candles light the candles and
03:58
put the bricks around them
04:00
then cover the candles with an upside
04:01
down pot placing it on the bricks
04:04
now you have a diy heater that can heat
04:07
a whole room
04:09
if caught in a fire keep low to the
04:11
ground
04:12
the greatest threat comes not from the
04:13
fire itself but the smoke
04:16
since it's lighter than air it goes up
04:18
so you should stay as close to the floor
04:20
as possible to avoid breathing it in
04:23
if you're accidentally caught in a rip
04:25
current don't try to fight it and swim
04:27
straight back to the shore
04:29
you'll just get exhausted too soon
04:31
instead
04:32
try to swim parallel to the shore until
04:35
you exit the current
04:36
and only then move toward the shore
04:39
if you're trapped on thin ice and
04:41
there's no one to help you
04:43
lie down on your stomach and spread out
04:45
your arms and legs
04:46
if you have ice picks use them as a grip
04:49
to get back to safety
04:50
if you don't have them then you'll have
04:52
to roll away in the same direction you
04:54
came from
04:55
this will help to spread out the weight
04:57
of your body evenly
04:58
if your car conks out in the middle of a
05:01
railroad track
05:02
and a train is approaching abandon the
05:04
vehicle as fast as you can
05:06
after that run away from the track but
05:08
towards the upcoming train
05:11
if you choose the same direction as the
05:13
train is moving you'll find yourself in
05:15
the path of your late car's debris
05:17
and you'll have to duck under the flying
05:19
big pieces
05:22
the most common heat stroke symptoms are
05:24
nausea and dizziness
05:26
but how can you be sure if it's heat
05:27
stroke if these symptoms are common for
05:30
so many other issues
05:31
well eat something sweet like a lump of
05:34
sugar or
05:35
candy if the treat tastes disgusting
05:38
immediately seek medical help you're
05:40
having a heat stroke
05:42
imagine your car got stuck far away from
05:44
civilization
05:45
and you don't have a phone or radio to
05:47
call for help
05:48
in this case a simple spare tire can
05:51
save your life
05:52
while burning it will produce thick
05:54
black smoke visible from miles away
05:57
and chances are somebody will notice
05:59
your sos signal
06:01
but remember this never ever wander far
06:04
away from your car
06:05
all too often rescuers find undamaged
06:08
deserted vehicles
06:09
while the drivers who've left them in
06:11
search of help don't survive
06:14
you've probably heard that lightning
06:15
doesn't hit in the same place twice
06:18
well guess what it's just a
06:19
misconception
06:21
the probability of a second strike is
06:23
pretty high
06:24
that's why you should stay away from a
06:26
spot hit by lightning
06:28
the safest option is to lie down in some
06:30
hollow in the ground
06:31
since lightning tends to hit higher
06:33
grounds get rid of
06:35
all metal objects and your mobile phone
06:37
three to four seconds before lightning
06:39
strikes
06:40
you'll feel a metallic taste in your
06:42
mouth and your hair will stand on
06:44
end immediately sit down bring your
06:46
heels together
06:48
and place your hands on your knees if
06:50
you suspect that some
06:52
object might be electrified but you have
06:54
to check it
06:55
touch it with the back of your hand this
06:57
way if your suspicions are correct
06:59
you'll get a charge out of it and you'll
07:02
be able to snatch your hand back
07:04
but if you touch this object with your
07:06
palm the electric charge will make your
07:08
hand
07:08
form a tight fist and you won't be able
07:11
to draw it back
07:13
you can make a fatal mistake if you
07:14
follow the popular misconception
07:17
of trying to suck the venom out of a
07:19
snakebite
07:20
the same goes for applying bandages and
07:22
something cold on the wound
07:23
or burning it what you have to do is
07:26
give the victim an antihistamine
07:28
make them drink a lot and take them to a
07:30
hospital right away
07:32
never touch the area around the wound
07:35
otherwise
07:35
the venom will spread way faster if
07:38
you're calling an emergency service
07:40
first of all give them your address only
07:43
after that should you explain the reason
07:44
for your call
07:46
in this case even if something or
07:48
somebody forces you to end the
07:49
conversation
07:50
the operator will already know where to
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send help
07:54
avoid open fields make sure there's
07:56
something taller than you around
07:58
like your big tall friend there oops
08:00
just kidding
08:01
trees buildings and utility poles will
08:03
act as lightning rods for you
08:05
so never stand close to them also avoid
08:08
metal and concrete
08:10
they both conduct electricity too well
08:12
for comfort
08:13
remember that a lightning storm lasts
08:15
only from 30 minutes to an hour
08:17
so it's always better to lose time and
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wait in safety
08:20
then risk and get zapped even if you're
08:23
dressed warmly enough
08:24
there are always some parts of your body
08:26
left exposed to cold weather
08:28
a simple can of petroleum jelly will
08:30
help you with that
08:32
apply it to exposed parts of your skin
08:34
and it will protect you from frostbite
08:36
but don't rely on it for long periods of
08:38
time
08:39
seek shelter or fire as fast as you can
08:42
another trick is to let your shoes a bit
08:44
loose it will help blood circulation in
08:46
your feet
08:47
and will make them warmer you need a
08:49
magnet a needle
08:51
something floaty like foam or straw and
08:53
a glass of water
08:55
magnetize a needle by rubbing it against
08:57
a magnet
08:58
then put two pieces of floaty stuff you
09:00
have on both sides of the needle
09:02
let it float in the water and it will
09:04
eventually stop in one direction
09:06
just like a compass it will point to the
09:08
north
09:10
getting a couple of bites is not that
09:12
extreme but trying to find your way in
09:14
the wilds without getting a good rest is
09:16
dangerous
09:17
you can repel all flies and mosquitoes
09:20
away by burning herbs
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garlic rosemary mint or thyme all of
09:24
these herbs smell will scare away all
09:27
the pesky insects around
09:28
or you can make a trap cut a plastic
09:31
bottle in half and put sticky tape on
09:33
its edges
09:34
pour sugar water inside and add some
09:36
yeast
09:37
mosquitoes will get attracted to it and
09:39
then trapped on the tape
09:41
see now you're going to start carrying
09:42
yeast with you on your camping trips
09:44
hey rise and shine don't let yourself go
09:47
dry
09:48
use dew and collect rain water having a
09:51
tent with you is good anyways
09:52
but try to hang it a bit loosely so it
09:55
will collect water for you
09:57
if there's no such luck as rain tie a
09:59
scrolled piece of cloth around your leg
10:01
and go through the high grass in the
10:03
morning it will collect dew
10:05
that you can squeeze out into a bottle
10:07
take two containers
10:08
one a bit taller than the other fill the
10:11
tall container with dirty water
10:13
twist a piece of cloth and put one end
10:15
of it into the filled container feeding
10:18
the other into the empty one
10:20
it will take some time but a piece of
10:22
cloth will soak up all the moisture
10:24
and transport it from one vessel to the
10:26
other good news is
10:28
all the dirt and debris will be lost in
10:30
the process
10:31
don't forget to boil the water to
10:33
further assure your safety
10:35
you'll need a 9 volt battery for that
10:37
simply putting both contacts of this
10:39
battery against a piece of steel wool
10:41
leads to a small short circuit spark
10:43
that spreads right away
10:45
put some cotton balls to the plates
10:46
where the spark appears and here you go
10:49
you've started a fire just remember that
10:51
you need to
10:52
always keep the fire small and have at
10:54
least one trusty way to quickly
10:56
extinguish it
10:57
those currents are streams of water
10:59
appearing near the shore
11:01
and pulling away from it with huge force
11:03
and speed
11:04
swimming against a rip current is
11:06
useless because they're too strong
11:08
but they're also quite narrow so you can
11:11
safely swim
11:12
alongside the beach in any direction to
11:15
get away
11:16
as soon as you feel like nothing is
11:18
dragging you you can swim
11:19
towards the shore just do it at an angle
11:23
if breathing mass emerge put on yours
11:26
immediately
11:27
and only then pay attention to those
11:28
around you
11:30
try to fly on bigger planes they can
11:32
absorb more impact during extreme
11:34
landings
11:35
the best seats you can get are the five
11:37
rows nearest to the emergency exits
11:40
statistically the ideal time to get away
11:42
from the plane after
11:44
crash landing is around 90 seconds
11:47
read the safety card and follow all the
11:49
instructions of the crew
11:51
if you see it's getting alarmingly
11:53
crowded try to find
11:54
possible escape routes and places to
11:56
cover around you
11:58
and have more than one direction of
12:00
movement in mind
12:01
don't try to move against the crowd but
12:03
go with it
12:04
and to the side instead this way you'll
12:07
reach the edge of the stampede
12:09
and possibly the escape or cover you
12:11
notice before
12:13
keep your hands up at all costs they'll
12:15
make you room to breathe
12:17
look at the parked car before driving if
12:20
you see
12:20
frost on the rear windows well that's a
12:23
big clue
12:24
so plan ahead and drive accordingly for
12:27
example
12:28
your stopping distance should be around
12:30
10 times longer than usual
12:32
if the car is skidding don't hit the
12:34
brakes hard just take your foot off the
12:36
accelerator
12:37
it will help your car to find grip with
12:39
the road again and then you can gently
12:41
steer it to the right side
12:43
try to wear three layers of clothes the
12:45
first layer should repel sweat
12:48
the second is for insulation and general
12:50
warmth and the external layer
12:52
should protect from moisture and wind
12:54
avoid wearing cotton
12:55
as it gets wet pretty soon and won't
12:57
protect you from cold
12:59
if you came home after spending lots of
13:01
time in the cold
13:02
don't rush for a hot tub it's best to
13:04
start with changing clothes
13:06
and eating warm food don't look them in
13:09
the eyes
13:09
for animals it'll be a sign you have bad
13:12
intentions
13:13
don't panic and move slowly give the
13:16
animal room to go away freely
13:19
if you have a backpack with you don't
13:21
stick to it
13:22
try to ditch it off your shoulders it
13:24
will ease your movements
13:25
and also may serve as a distraction
13:28
don't scream in animals to look more
13:30
menacing
13:30
it'll only provoke them to prove you
13:33
wrong
13:34
the heimlich maneuver a powerful thrust
13:36
on the upper part of the stomach
13:38
right below the rib cage used to shoot
13:40
out whatever got stuck in someone's
13:42
throat
13:43
you can use it on yourself too just
13:45
clench your fist
13:46
and put it between your ribs cover it
13:48
with a palm of the other hand
13:50
and then push once as hard as you can
13:53
you need to cough
13:54
forcefully during the whole thing in a
13:56
wildfire choose where to run depending
13:58
on the wind direction
13:59
if it's blowing toward the fire then you
14:01
should run into the wind
14:03
but if the wind's blowing towards you
14:05
behind the fire better skedaddle
14:07
perpendicular to it
14:08
this will help you to avoid both the
14:10
flames and the sparks carried by the
14:11
wind
14:12
when you fall in in cold water and can't
14:14
swim to the shore
14:16
hug your knees close to your chest if
14:18
there are other people with you
14:20
huddle together to keep warm do that
14:22
until help arrives
14:24
don't use water to extinguish a grease
14:26
fire water and oil don't mix
14:28
so it'll only make things worse you need
14:31
to smother the fire by cutting off the
14:33
oxygen
14:33
put a metal lid over it or a damp rag
14:37
to escape from a car trunk boy what a
14:39
day
14:40
find the trunk release inside it looks
14:42
like a glow-in-the-dark handle
14:44
all american-made vehicles built after
14:46
2002 are required to have it
14:48
but if the car is older rip the wires
14:51
out of the brake lights and kick them
14:53
out
14:53
then you'll be able to slip your hand
14:55
through the hole and let people know you
14:57
need help
14:58
if you happen to have an analog watch
15:01
you can use it as a compass
15:02
place it flat on your palm in the
15:04
northern hemisphere
15:06
align the hour hand with the sun south
15:09
will be halfway between the hour hand
15:11
and the 12.
15:12
if you're in the southern hemisphere
15:14
point the 12 directly at the sun
15:16
instead a bee constantly bumping into
15:18
you
15:19
is a sign of a swarm planning to sting
15:21
so
15:22
find shelter asap and don't wear dark
15:25
clothes in places with bees
15:27
they find it threatening so they're
15:29
likely to become defensive
15:31
if your car broke down in a remote area
15:33
without a phone signal
15:34
burn one of your tires thick black smoke
15:37
will attract attention for sure
15:39
always put your electric car key fob on
15:42
your bedside table before going to sleep
15:44
if a burglar tries to break in at night
15:46
press the panic button
15:48
the sound of the car alarm will probably
15:50
scare them away
15:51
now imagine someone is about to tie your
15:53
hands with a metal cable
15:55
keep your elbows close to your ribs this
15:57
way there will be some extra space
15:59
between your wrists
16:00
when you straighten out your arms
16:02
carefully twist your wrists to free one
16:04
hand through that space
16:07
say you've run out of food out in the
16:08
wilderness oh
16:10
boy you can actually eat the bark of
16:12
some trees mostly birch or pines
16:15
cut off the rough darker outer bark to
16:17
get to the soft light inner part
16:19
you can eat it raw but frying and
16:21
boiling it will make it easier to chew
16:24
don't walk up or down the stairs with
16:26
your hands in your pockets if you slip
16:28
or trip
16:28
you need to be able to quickly catch the
16:30
handrail or protect your head
16:32
to open a car with a frozen lock put a
16:35
plastic
16:36
drinking straw into the keyhole and blow
16:38
into it a few times
16:39
the heat from your breath will unfreeze
16:41
the lock
16:42
before going on a camping adventure
16:44
prepare some cotton balls soaked in
16:46
vaseline
16:47
and put them in a closed container now
16:50
you'll always have perfect fire starters
16:53
no matter whether you live near the
16:55
coast or travel there for the weekend
16:57
you should know the signs of an
16:58
approaching tsunami
17:00
it might be a deafening roar that's
17:02
coming from the ocean
17:03
or some other unusual ocean behavior for
17:06
example the water may suddenly drain
17:09
showing the ocean floor or vice versa
17:12
a wall of water may appear on the
17:14
horizon also
17:16
pay attention to strange behavior
17:17
changes in animals
17:19
if they unexpectedly group together hide
17:22
in different nooks
17:23
leave the area or show extreme anxiety
17:26
these may be signs of an approaching
17:28
natural disaster
17:30
as soon as you hear a tsunami alert
17:32
don't wait for even a second
17:33
evacuate immediately
17:36
leave behind your personal belongings
17:38
and documents now is not the time to
17:41
think about your possessions
17:42
gather your loved ones and use any
17:44
available transport to get away from the
17:46
coast
17:47
hop in your car get on a bike or simply
17:50
run as
17:50
fast as you can move as far away from
17:53
the shore as you can
17:55
heading toward high hills mountains or a
17:57
forest
17:58
if possible go at least two miles inland
18:01
and 100 feet above sea level
18:04
if you're trapped by the rising water
18:06
choose the highest and most solid
18:08
building
18:08
and climb to the top it's not an ideal
18:11
way out
18:11
since the construction can collapse
18:13
under the force of the tsunami waves
18:16
but at least it's something also keep in
18:18
mind that roads often get wiped out by
18:20
tsunamis
18:21
therefore after everything's done you
18:24
may have trouble
18:24
finding your way back in most cases
18:27
tsunamis are closely linked to
18:29
earthquakes
18:30
that's why you should try to escape to
18:32
open areas with no or few buildings to
18:34
avoid being hit by falling debris
18:37
on top of that stay away from power
18:39
lines walls bridges and whatnot
18:42
even if these constructions look sturdy
18:44
enough they can collapse during the
18:46
aftershock